What is paging and segmentation. What is Virtual Memory




Paging 

A technique or strategy used for non-contiguous memory allocation is paging. This theme uses fixed-size partitions (scheme). Both primary memory and secondary memory are separated into equal, fixed-size segments during paging. Pages and frames, respectively, are the terms for the divisions of the secondary memory area unit and the main memory area unit. Paging is a memory management technique used to fetch processes in the form of pages from the secondary memory into the main memory. When paging, each process is divided into parts where each part's size is equal to the size of the page. The final half might likewise be the same size as a page. Depending on their accessibility, the process' pages remain in the main memory's frames.

Segmentation

Similar to paging, segmentation is a non-contiguous memory allocation mechanism. Similar to paging, the operation is not randomly divided into mounted (fixed) size pages in segmentation. It is a partitioning theme with configurable size. Similar to paging, segmentation does not create equal-sized sections for main and secondary memory. Segments are the divisions of secondary memory area units. A table called a segmentation table contains information about each segment. Segment table comprises two key pieces of information: Base, which is the segment's bottom address, and Limit, which is the segment's length. The segment number and segment offset are contained in a logical address that is created by the CPU during segmentation. If the segment offset is less than the limit, the address is referred to as a valid address; otherwise, an error is raised since the address is invalid.

Virtual Memory

A storage method known as virtual memory gives users the impression that their main memory is quite large. By considering a portion of secondary memory as the main memory, it is accomplished. The user can store processes in virtual memory that are larger than the primary memory that is available. As a result, the OS loads the individual components of several processes in the main memory rather than loading a single large process there. Demand paging and demand segmentation are the main methods used to implement virtual memory.

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